Everything about Biglycan totally explained
| Name = Biglycan
| HGNCid = 1044
| Symbol = BGN
| AltSymbols =; DSPG1; PG-S1; PGI; SLRR1A
| OMIM = 301870
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 1293
| MGIid = 88158
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_BGN_201262_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_BGN_201261_x_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_BGN_213905_x_at_tn.png
| Function =
| Component =
| Process =
| Orthologs =
}}
Biglycan is a small leucine-rich repeat
proteoglycan (SLRP) which is found in a variety of extracellular matrix tissues, including
bone,
cartilage and
tendon.
Composition
It consists of a protein core containing leucine-rich repeat regions and two glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains consisting of either
chondroitin sulfate (CS) or
dermatan sulfate (DS), with DS being more abundant in most
connective tissues. The CS/DS chains are attached at amino acids 5 and 10 in human biglycan. The composition of the GAG chains has been reported as varying according to tissue of origin. Non-glycanated forms of biglycan (no GAG chains) increase with age in human articular
cartilage.
Nomenclature
The name "biglycan" was proposed in an article by Fisher, Termine and Young in an article in the Journal of Biological Chemistry in 1989 because the proteoglycan contained two GAG chains; formerly it was known as proteoglycan-I (PG-I).
Diversity
The structure of biglycan core protein is highly conserved across species; over 90% homology has been reported for rat, mouse, bovine and human biglycan core proteins.
Interactions
Biglycan interacts with
collagen, both via the core protein and GAG chains . It has been reported that biglycan interacts more strongly with
collagen type II than
collagen type I . Biglycan has been reported to compete with
decorin for the same binding site on
collagen.
Similarity to decorin
The composition of GAG chains of biglycan and
decorin originating from the same tissue has been reported to be similar .
Function
Biglycan is believed to play a role in the mineralisation of bone.
Knock-out mice that have had the gene for biglycan suppressed have an
osteoporosis-like
phenotype with reduced growth rate and lower
bone mass than mice that can express biglycan.
Biglycan core protein binds to the
growth factors BMP-4 and influences its bioactivity. It has also been reported that the presence of biglycan is necessary for
BMP-4 to exert its effects on
osteoblasts . There is also evidence that biglycan binds to
TGF-beta 1Further Information
Get more info on 'Biglycan'.
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